Komercijalno hlađenje – na putu ka održivosti

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Objavljeno Jan 4, 2017

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Horst Kruse
Forschungzentrum für Kältetechnik und Wärmepumpen GmbH, Hanover, BR Deutchland

Apstrakt

U radu je, na osnovu razmatranja uticaja propisa o zaštiti čovekove okoline na buduće komercijalne rashladne sisteme, utvrđeno da je proces izbacivanja supstanci koje razaraju ozonski omotač brži nego što je to predviđeno Montrealskim protokolom, i da se kao zamena za CFC i HCFC rashladne fluide uglavnom koriste fluidi HFC. Sa druge strane, dalje korišćenje HFC-a je pod znakom pitanja, imajući u vidu Protokol iz Kjota. Zbog toga se moraju primeniti neophodne mere koje će isticanje gasova koji izazivaju efekat staklene bašte u atmosferu svesti na minimum. Zamena sistema sa direktnom ekspanzijom indirektnim sistemima može da dovede do značajnog smanjenja isticanja, i neophodna je za lokalno opasne rashladne fluide kao što su ugljovodonici i amonijak, ali ona dovodi do povećane potrošnje energije i veće emisije CO2 tokom proizvodnje energije potrebne za pogon ovih rashladnih sistema. Taj problem se može umanjiti   primenom CO2 kao rashladnog fluida. Prednost takođe može biti korišćenje lokalno bezbednog prirodnog fluida kao što je CO2 u sistemima sa direktnom ekspanzijom, ali razmena toplote u natkritičnom području dovodi do lošijih energetskih performansi, što može delimično biti kompenzovano boljom efikasnošću komponenti i konfiguracijom ciklusa, ali sa verovatno većim troškovima sistema. Pored troškova eksploatacije, u daljem tehničkom
razvoju moraju biti pažljivo razmotreni i investicioni troškovi, u cilju dobijanja po prirodu manje opasnog održivog komercijalnog rashladnog sistema, primenom koncepta ekološke efikasnosti.

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Kako citirati
KRUSE, Horst. Komercijalno hlađenje – na putu ka održivosti. KGH – Klimatizacija, grejanje, hlađenje, [S.l.], v. 35, n. 2, p. 38-46, jan. 2017. ISSN 2560-340X. Dostupno na: <https://izdanja.smeits.rs/index.php/kgh/article/view/1015>. Datum pristupa: 06 oct. 2026
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God. 35 Br. 2 (2006): KGH
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Ovaj rad je pod Creative Commons Aуторство-Nekomercijalno-Bez prerade 4.0 Internacionalna licenca.

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