Uloga biljaka u smanjenju toplotnog fluksa kroz zelene krovove: laboratorijski eksperimenti
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Jan 11, 2017
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Jedan interesantan pristup smanjenju potrošnje energije u zgradi je upotreba zelenih krovova kao dela omotača zgrade. Ipak, veoma je teško proceniti ostvarenu uštedu energije, pa zato mnogi projektanti zgrada ignorišu ovu mogućnost. Ovaj rad donosi rezultate eksperimentalnog istraživačkog projekta koji je u toku, u kome su akcenti na toplotnim karakteristikama ekstenzivnih zelenih krovova kada su zgrade u režimu hlađenja. U radu se razmatra značaj zelenih krovova i prikazuju prethodne istraživačke studije. Posebna pažnja je posvećena ulozi biljaka u smanjenju toplotnog fluksa kroz krovnu konstrukciju. Karakteristike biljnog materijala su ocenjene u komori za simuliranje uslova sredine na dva uzorka – jednom sa biljnim materijalom i drugim bez toga materijala. Opšte uzev, biljke su smanjile mereni toplotni fluks kroz uzorak sa zelenim krovom za 40 – 50%, u poređenju sa uzorkom krova bez biljaka. Zaključeno je da biljke imaju važnu ulogu u smanjenju toplotnog fluksa, regulišući: 1) fluks latentne toplote kroz bolje manipulisanje vodom i dodatno skladištenje vode u lišću i korenju biljaka i 2) fluks osetne toplote kroz dodatne zaklone od biljnih listova. Bazirano na ovim rezultatima, buduće istraživanje će se usmeriti na toplotno modeliranje zelenog krova, uključujući ulogu biljaka.
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VELASCO, Paul Tabares; SREBRIĆ, Jelena.
Uloga biljaka u smanjenju toplotnog fluksa kroz zelene krovove: laboratorijski eksperimenti.
KGH – Klimatizacija, grejanje, hlađenje, [S.l.], v. 38, n. 2, p. 55-62, jan. 2017.
ISSN 2560-340X.
Dostupno na: <https://izdanja.smeits.rs/index.php/kgh/article/view/1190>. Datum pristupa: 17 apr. 2026
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Reference
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[3] *** ASTM.1997. ASTM C 177-97, Standard Test Method for Steady-State Heat Flux Measurements and Thermal Transmission Properties by Means of the Guarded-Hot-Plate Apparatus. ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, www.astm.org.
[4] Berghage, R., A. Jarrett, D. Beattie, K. Kelley, S. Husain, F. Rezai, B. Long, A. Negassi, R. Cameron, W. Hunt. 2007. Quantifying evaporation and transpiration water losses from green roofs and green roof media capacity for neutralizing acid rain. National Decentralized Water Resources Capacity Development Project.
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[6] Escadafal, R., A. Huete, and D. Post. 1990. Estimating Soil Spectral Properties (Visible and NIR) from Color and Roughness Data. Twenty-Third International Symposium on Remote Sensing of Environment, Bangkok, Thailand, April 18 – 25.
[7] Gates, M. G. 1980. Biophysical Ecology. New York: Springer-Verlag.
[8] Hillel, D. 1998. Environmental Soil Physics. San Diego: Academic Press.
[9] Incropera, F. P., D. P. Dewitt. 2002. Fundamentals of Heat and Mass Transfer. New York: John Wiley & Sons.
[10] Johnston, A. 2007. Annual Green Roof Industry Survey Shows 24 per cent Growth in North America. The Green Roof Infrastructure Monitor 9(2):28.
[11] Jones, H. G. 1992. Plants and Microclimate. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
[12] La, W. J., K. A. Sudduth, S. Chung, H. Kim. 2008. Spectral Reflectance Estimates of Surface Soil Physical and Chemical Properties. ASABE Annual International Meeting, Providence, Rhode Island, June 29 – July 2.
[13] Lazzarin, R. M., F. Castelloti and F. Busato. 2005. Experimental measurements and numerical modeling of a green roof. Energy and Buildings 37:1260 – 1267.
[14] Liu, K. K. Y. 2004. Sustainable building envelope – garden roof system performance. 2004 RCI Building Envelope Symposium. New Orleans, LA. April 11.
[15] Miller, C. and D. Narejo. 2005. State of the green roof industry in the United States. Geo-Frontiers 2005: 4057 – 4064.
[16] Nobel, P. S. 1983. Biophysical Plant Physiology and Ecology. San Francisco: W. H. Freeman and Company
[17] Onmura S., M. Matsumoto and S. Hokoi. 2001. Study on evaporative cooling effect of roof lawn gardens. Energy and Buildings 33: 653 – 666.
[18] Pearlmutter, D. and S. Rosenfeld. 2008. Performance analysis of a simple roof cooling system with irrigated soil and two shading alternatives. Energy and Buildings 40: 855 – 864
[19] Peck, S. W. 2002. Green Roofs: Infrastructure for the 21st Century. Clean Air Partnership 1st Annual Urban Heat Island Summit, Toronto, May 2-3.
[20] Peck, S. W. and C. Callaghan. 1999. Greenbacks from Green Roofs: Forging a New Industry in Canada. Prepared for: Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation. Environmental Adaptation Research Group, Environment Canada.
[21] Pielke, R. A. 2002. Mesoscale Meteorological Modeling. New York: Academic Press.
[22] Rezaei, F. 2005. Evapotranspiration rates from extensive green roof plant species. M.S. Thesis, Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, State College, PA.
[23] Smalley, R. E. 2005. Future Global Energy Prosperity: The Terawatt Challenge. MRS Bulletin June 30: 412 – 417.
[24] Snodgrass, E. C. and L. L. Snodgrass. 2006. Green Roof Plants: A Resource and Planting Guide. Portland: Timber Press.
[25] Sonne, J. 2006. Evaluating green roof energy performance. ASHARE Journal February 48: 59 – 61.
[26] Tabares-Velasco, P. C., J. Srebrić and R. Berghage. 2007. Thermal performance of a lightweight
tray for the green roof media. Fifth Annual International Greening Rooftops for Sustainable Communities, Conference, Awards & Trade Show, April 30 – May 1, Minneapolis, MN.
[27] Tabares-Velasco, P. C. 2007. "R-function – Model to Calculate the Variable Thermal Resistance of Extensive Green Roofs. Ph.D. Thesis Proposal, Department of Architectural Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, State College, PA.
[28] Takebayashi, H. and M. Moriyama. 2007. Surface heat budget on green roof and high reflection roof for mitigation of urban heat island. Building and Environment 42: 2971 – 2979.
[29] Tanner, S. and K. Scholz-Barth. 2004. Green Roofs. Federal Technology Alert DOE/EE-0298. Federal Energy Management Program (FEMP), U.S. Department of Energy.
[30] VanWoert, N. D., D. B. Rowe, J. A. Andresen, C. L. Rugh and L. Xiao. 2005. Watering regime and green roof substrate design affect Sedum plant growth. HortScience 40(3):659 – 664.
[31] Wong N. H., Y Chen, H. Yan, C. L. Ong and A. Sia. 2003. Investigation of thermal benefits of rooftop garden in the tropical environment. Building and Environment 38: 267 – 270.
[2] *** ASTM.1997. ASTM C 1363-97, Standard Test Method for the Thermal Performance of Building Assemblies by Means of a Hot Box Apparatus. ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, www.astm.org.
[3] *** ASTM.1997. ASTM C 177-97, Standard Test Method for Steady-State Heat Flux Measurements and Thermal Transmission Properties by Means of the Guarded-Hot-Plate Apparatus. ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, www.astm.org.
[4] Berghage, R., A. Jarrett, D. Beattie, K. Kelley, S. Husain, F. Rezai, B. Long, A. Negassi, R. Cameron, W. Hunt. 2007. Quantifying evaporation and transpiration water losses from green roofs and green roof media capacity for neutralizing acid rain. National Decentralized Water Resources Capacity Development Project.
[5] Brutsaert, W. 1982. Evaporation into the Atmosphere: Theory, History and Applications. London: R. Reidel Publishing Company
[6] Escadafal, R., A. Huete, and D. Post. 1990. Estimating Soil Spectral Properties (Visible and NIR) from Color and Roughness Data. Twenty-Third International Symposium on Remote Sensing of Environment, Bangkok, Thailand, April 18 – 25.
[7] Gates, M. G. 1980. Biophysical Ecology. New York: Springer-Verlag.
[8] Hillel, D. 1998. Environmental Soil Physics. San Diego: Academic Press.
[9] Incropera, F. P., D. P. Dewitt. 2002. Fundamentals of Heat and Mass Transfer. New York: John Wiley & Sons.
[10] Johnston, A. 2007. Annual Green Roof Industry Survey Shows 24 per cent Growth in North America. The Green Roof Infrastructure Monitor 9(2):28.
[11] Jones, H. G. 1992. Plants and Microclimate. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
[12] La, W. J., K. A. Sudduth, S. Chung, H. Kim. 2008. Spectral Reflectance Estimates of Surface Soil Physical and Chemical Properties. ASABE Annual International Meeting, Providence, Rhode Island, June 29 – July 2.
[13] Lazzarin, R. M., F. Castelloti and F. Busato. 2005. Experimental measurements and numerical modeling of a green roof. Energy and Buildings 37:1260 – 1267.
[14] Liu, K. K. Y. 2004. Sustainable building envelope – garden roof system performance. 2004 RCI Building Envelope Symposium. New Orleans, LA. April 11.
[15] Miller, C. and D. Narejo. 2005. State of the green roof industry in the United States. Geo-Frontiers 2005: 4057 – 4064.
[16] Nobel, P. S. 1983. Biophysical Plant Physiology and Ecology. San Francisco: W. H. Freeman and Company
[17] Onmura S., M. Matsumoto and S. Hokoi. 2001. Study on evaporative cooling effect of roof lawn gardens. Energy and Buildings 33: 653 – 666.
[18] Pearlmutter, D. and S. Rosenfeld. 2008. Performance analysis of a simple roof cooling system with irrigated soil and two shading alternatives. Energy and Buildings 40: 855 – 864
[19] Peck, S. W. 2002. Green Roofs: Infrastructure for the 21st Century. Clean Air Partnership 1st Annual Urban Heat Island Summit, Toronto, May 2-3.
[20] Peck, S. W. and C. Callaghan. 1999. Greenbacks from Green Roofs: Forging a New Industry in Canada. Prepared for: Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation. Environmental Adaptation Research Group, Environment Canada.
[21] Pielke, R. A. 2002. Mesoscale Meteorological Modeling. New York: Academic Press.
[22] Rezaei, F. 2005. Evapotranspiration rates from extensive green roof plant species. M.S. Thesis, Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, State College, PA.
[23] Smalley, R. E. 2005. Future Global Energy Prosperity: The Terawatt Challenge. MRS Bulletin June 30: 412 – 417.
[24] Snodgrass, E. C. and L. L. Snodgrass. 2006. Green Roof Plants: A Resource and Planting Guide. Portland: Timber Press.
[25] Sonne, J. 2006. Evaluating green roof energy performance. ASHARE Journal February 48: 59 – 61.
[26] Tabares-Velasco, P. C., J. Srebrić and R. Berghage. 2007. Thermal performance of a lightweight
tray for the green roof media. Fifth Annual International Greening Rooftops for Sustainable Communities, Conference, Awards & Trade Show, April 30 – May 1, Minneapolis, MN.
[27] Tabares-Velasco, P. C. 2007. "R-function – Model to Calculate the Variable Thermal Resistance of Extensive Green Roofs. Ph.D. Thesis Proposal, Department of Architectural Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, State College, PA.
[28] Takebayashi, H. and M. Moriyama. 2007. Surface heat budget on green roof and high reflection roof for mitigation of urban heat island. Building and Environment 42: 2971 – 2979.
[29] Tanner, S. and K. Scholz-Barth. 2004. Green Roofs. Federal Technology Alert DOE/EE-0298. Federal Energy Management Program (FEMP), U.S. Department of Energy.
[30] VanWoert, N. D., D. B. Rowe, J. A. Andresen, C. L. Rugh and L. Xiao. 2005. Watering regime and green roof substrate design affect Sedum plant growth. HortScience 40(3):659 – 664.
[31] Wong N. H., Y Chen, H. Yan, C. L. Ong and A. Sia. 2003. Investigation of thermal benefits of rooftop garden in the tropical environment. Building and Environment 38: 267 – 270.