Uloga hlađenja u globalnoj ekonomiji 29. Informativna beleška IIR-a
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Međunarodni institut za hlađenje (IIR) objavljuje Informativne beleške čija je svrha da zadovolje potrebe onih koji donose odluke u celom svetu, a na bazi propisa. Te beleške rezimiraju znanje u ključnoj tehnologiji hlađenja i u domenima primene hlađenja. Svaka beleška ističe buduće prioritete u razvojnim linijama i daje IIR-ove preporuke u tom kontekstu. IIR procenjuje da ukupan broj rashladnih, klimatizacionih i toplotnopumpnih sistema u radu širom sveta iznosi oko 3 milijarde. Globalna godišnja prodaja te opreme iznosi oko 300 milijardi dolara. Skoro 12 miliona ljudi u svetu radi u sektoru hlađenja čiji je udeo u svetskoj potrošnji 17%. Statistički podaci izneseni u ovoj novoj informativnoj belešci ističu važnost sektora hlađenja za koji se očekuje da će se i dalje razvijati u godinama koje slede zbog povećanja potreba za hlađenjem u brojnim oblastima kao i zbog globalnog zagrevanja. Rashladna industrija ima glavnu i sve veću ulogu u današnjoj planetarnoj ekonomiji, sa značajnim doprinosima u domenima ishrane, zdravlja, energije i čovekove sredine, čiji odgovorni lideri moraju voditi više računa o njima. Ovu informativnu belešku su pripremili Didije Kulomb (Didier Coulomb), generalni direktor IIR-a, Žan-Lik Dipon (Jean-Luc Dupont), direktor Odeljenja za naučne i tehničke informacije, i Odri Pišar (Audrey Pichard), pisac Informativne beleške, a revidiralo ju je nekoliko eksperata iz IIR-ovih komisija.
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ČASOPISA, Redakcija.
Uloga hlađenja u globalnoj ekonomiji.
KGH – Klimatizacija, grejanje, hlađenje, [S.l.], v. 45, n. 1, p. 85-91, jan. 2017.
ISSN 2560-340X.
Dostupno na: <https://izdanja.smeits.rs/index.php/kgh/article/view/1610>. Datum pristupa: 07 mar. 2026
Broj časopisa
Sekcija
KGH u Svetu
Reference
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[38] Auffhammer M. Cooling China: The Weather Dependence of Air Conditioner Adoption, Front. Econ. China 2014, 9(1): 70- 84. DOI 10.3868/s060-003-014-0005-5
[39] BSRIA, October 2014. Retrieved March 27, 2015 from http://www.iifiir.org/ clientBookline/service/reference. asp?INSTANCE=EXPLOITATION&OUTPUT=PORTAL&- DOCID=IFD_REFDOC_0012854&DOCBASE=IFD_REFDOC_ EN&SETLANGUAGE=EN
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[3] IIR, 21st Informatory Note on Refrigerating Technologies "Sustainable Refrigerated Road Transport – , December 2011. Retrieved May 20, 2015 from http://www.iifiir.org/userfiles/file/publications/notes/NoteTech_21_EN.pdf + IIR estimation
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[8] IEA HPP, Heat pumps can cut global CO2 emissions by nearly 8%. Retrieved April 13, 2015 from www.heatpumpcentre.org. IEA Heat Pump Programme, Heat Pump Centre, Order No. HPC-BR6
[9] Halozan H., Rieberer R., Energy-efficient heating and cooling systems for buildings, Bulletin of the IIR 2004-6. Retrieved May 20, 2015 from www.iifiir.org/clientBookline/service/reference.asp?INSTANCE=exploitation&OUTPUT=PORTAL&- DOCID=I_IFD_REFDOC_2005-0975&DOCBASE=IFD_REF- DOC_EN&SETLANGUAGE=EN + IIR estimations
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[11] GCCA, 2014 IARW Global Cold Storage Capacity Report. Re- trieved April 16, 2015, from http://www.gcca.org/resources/ publications/white-papers-reports/global-cold-storage-capacity/
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[13] Australian Government, Department of Environment, Cold hard facts 2: A study of the refrigeration and air conditioning industry in Australia, 2013. Retrieved April 15, 2015 from www.environment.gov.au/atmosphere/ozone/publications/cold-hard-facts-2.html
[14] United States Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics, Occupational Outlook Handbook, 2014-15 Edition, Heating, Air Conditioning, and Refrigeration Mechanics and Installers. Retrieved April 23, 2015 from http://www.bls.gov/ooh/installation-maintenance-and-repair/heating-air-conditioning-and-refrigeration-mechanics-and-installers.htm
[15] Carbon Trust, The Emerging Cold Economy, February 2015. Retrieved March 19, 2015 from http://www.carbontrust.com/ media/619349/the-emerging-cold-economy.pdf
[16] IEA, Electricity/Heat in World in 2009. Retrieved March 19, 2015 from http://www.iea.org/statistics/topics/Electricity/
[17] IPCC, Appendix III: Definition of SRES World Region. Retrieved March 19, 2015 from http://www.ipcc.ch/ipccre- ports/sres/emission/index.php?idp=149
[18] FAO, Statistical Yearbook 2013, Part 3. Retrieved May 12, 2015 from http://www.fao.org/docrep/018/i3107e/i3107e03. pdf
[19] FAO, Global Food Losses and Food Waste, 2011. Retrieved May 12, 2015 from http://www.fao.org/ag/ags/ags-division/ publications/publication/en/c/74045/
[20] IIR, 5th Informatory Note on Refrigeration and Food "The Role of Refrigeration in Worldwide Nutrition – , June 2009, Retrieved May 20, 2015 from http://www.iifiir.org/userfiles/file/ publications/ notes/NoteFood_05_EN.pdf + IIR estimations
[21] Country: India – ™s cold chain industry, US Commercial Service, Department of Commerce. Renie Subin, August 2011. Retrieved May 12, 2015 from http://www.academia. edu/5952490/ Indias_Cold_Chain_Industry
[22] United Nations, World Economic and Social Survey 2013: Sustainable Development Challenges, United Nations publication. Retrieved May 12, 2015 from https://sustainabledevelopment.un.org/content/documents/2843WESS2013.pdf
[23] Schönenberger, J. et al., Experience with ejectors implemented in a R744 booster system operating in a super-market, 11th IIR Gustav Lorentzen Conference on Natural Refrigerants, Hangzhou, China, 2014. Retrieved May 20, 2015 from http://www.iifiir.org/clientBookline/service/ reference. asp?INSTANCE=exploitation&OUTPUT=POR- TAL&DOCID=IFD_REFDOC_0012281&DOCBASE=IFD_REFDOC_EN&SETLANGUAGE=EN [24] Energy Star, Facility Type: Supermarkets and Grocery Stores, January 2008. Retrieved May 13, 2015 from http://www.en-ergystar.gov/sites/default/files/buildings/tools/EPA_BUM_ CH11_ Supermarkets.pdf
[25] Mrzyglod, M. et al., Aspects of Household Cooling Technology,15th International Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Conference at Purdue, July 2014. Retrieved May 20, 2015 from http://www.iifiir.org/clientBookline/service/reference. asp?INSTANCE=exploitation&OUTPUT=PORTAL&DO-CI- D=IFD_REFDOC_0013513&DOCBASE=IFD_REFDOC_EN&- SETLANGUAGE=EN
[26] Youbi-Idrissi, M., Les applications du froid dans les IAA. Retrieved May 20, 2015 from http:// www.iifiir. org/clientBookline/service/reference.asp?INSTANCE=-EXPLOITATION&OUTPUT=POR-TAL&DOCID=IFD_REF-DOC_0012572&DOCBASE=IFD_REFDOC_EN&SETLAN- GUAGE=EN + IIR estimations
[27] University of Birmingham, The prospects for liquid air cold chains in India, December 2014. Retrieved March 20, 2015 from http://www.birmingham.ac.uk/Documents/news/The-prospects- for-liquid-air-cold-chains-in-India.pdf
[28] Fikiin, K. A. (2008). Emerging and Novel Freezing Processes – Chapter 5, In Frozen Food Science and Technology, Ed.: J.A. Evans, Blackwell Publishing (Oxford), 355 p.
[29] IIR News "Figuring out frozen food growth rates in Eu- rope – . Retrieved May 12, 2015 from http://www.iifiir.org/ clientBookline/service/reference.asp?INSTANCE=EXPLOITATION&OUTPUT=PORTAL&DOCID=IFD_REF-DOC_0006712&DOCBASE=IFD_REFDOC_EN&SETLAN- GUAGE=EN
[30] Interpack 2009, Burning Love for Frozen Food. Retrieved May 13, 2015 from Handbook of Frozen Food Processing and Packaging, Ed: Da-Wen Sun, Taylor & Francis Group, 2006
[31] Transparency Market Research, Frozen Food Market (Vegetables & Fruits, Potatoes, Ready-to-eat Meals, Meat, Fish/ Seafood and Soups) - Global Industry Analysis, Size, Share, Growth, Trends and Forecast, 2013-2019, September 2013. Retrieved March 20, 2015 from http://www.prnewswire. com/news-releases/global-frozen-food-market-is-expected- to-reach-usd-29375-billion-by-2019-transparency-market- research-223101201.html
[32] Berkeley National Laboratory, Seppänen, O., Fisk, WJ, Lei, QH. Effect of Temperature on Task Performance in Office Environment. Retrieved March 26, 2015 from https://indoor.lbl.gov/sites/all/files/lbnl-60946.pdf
[33] Kosonen, R., Tan, F., Energy and Buildings 36 (2004) 981- 986, The effect of perceived indoor air quality on productivity loss. Retrieved March 26, 2015 from http://www.halton.com/dh/ BQA6fsW31kborn6yUg-dKBNvx0mHXma- clst5mkKo0WKyJCn3DhBnxJenwibP7_zBqeKH8Hd- kCSP- 2Sc73yYqmso6shclXBaZGm2gBXYEujHGJKfb0cn2rgrnW_ HOPrnUJxYaSZY3NwDpKJSNYSR_- 1aj2mCwJtux2dti88CE/ The_effect_of_perceived_indoor_air_quality_on_productivity_loss.pdf
[34] Sykes, A., One Poll survey, March 2014. Retrieved April 14, 2015 from http://www.coolingpost.com/uk-news/hours- lost-from-poor-work-temperatures/
[35] US Energy Information Administration, 2009. Retrieved March 27, 2015 from http://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/ detail.cfm?id=12551
[36] The Guardian Environment Network, Climate risk-sheat up as world switches on to air conditioning.
http://www.theguardian.com/environment/2012/jul/10/climate-heat-world-air-conditioning
[37] Berkeley National Laboratory, McNeil MA, Letschert VE. Future Air Conditioning Energy Consumption in Developing Countries and what can be done about it: The Potential of Efficiency in the Residential Sector. Retrieved March 27, 2015 from https://escholarship.org/uc/item/64f9r6wr
[38] Auffhammer M. Cooling China: The Weather Dependence of Air Conditioner Adoption, Front. Econ. China 2014, 9(1): 70- 84. DOI 10.3868/s060-003-014-0005-5
[39] BSRIA, October 2014. Retrieved March 27, 2015 from http://www.iifiir.org/ clientBookline/service/reference. asp?INSTANCE=EXPLOITATION&OUTPUT=PORTAL&- DOCID=IFD_REFDOC_0012854&DOCBASE=IFD_REFDOC_ EN&SETLANGUAGE=EN
[40] IPCC, Climate Change 2014: Impacts, Adaptation, and Vulnerability, Summary for Policy Makers, March 31, 2014. Retrieved March 27, 2015 from https://ipcc-wg2.gov/AR5/ images/ uploads/IPCC_WG2AR5_SPM_Approved.pdf
[41] WHO, 2008 World Cancer Report, Retrieved April 10, 2015 from, www.iarc.fr/en/publications/ pdfs-online/wcr/2008/
[42] Boned, M., Cavalier, G., Evaluation of pharmacy cold chain, 2nd IIR International Conference on Sustainability and the Cold Chain, Paris, 2013. France. Retrieved May 20, 2015 from: http://www.iifiir.org/clientBookline/service/reference.asp?INSTANCE=exploitation&OUTPUT=POR- TAL&DO-CID=IFD_REFDOC_0007191&DOCBASE=IFD_ REFDOC_EN&SETLANGUAGE=EN
[43] WHO, Poliomyelitis, Fact sheet N°114, October 2014. Retrieved April 10, 2015 from http:// www.who.int/mediacen- tre/factsheets/fs114/en/
[44] Baust, JG et al. Mechanisms of cryoablation: Clinical consequences on malignant tumors, Cryobiology, Volume 68, Feb- ruary 2014
[45] Barecca, AI et al., Adapting to Climate Change: The Remarkable Decline in the U.S. Temperature- Mortality Relationship Over the 20th Century, Social Science Research Network. Retrieved April 10, 2015 from http://papers.ssrn. com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2192245
[46] Koomey, JG., Worldwide electricity used in data centers, Environmental Research Letters, 2008. Retrieved April 14, 2015 from http://iopscience.iop.org/1748-9326/3/3/034008/ pdf/17489326_3_3_034008.pdf
[47] International Gas Union, World LNG Report-2015 Edition, Retrieved June 22, 2015 from http:// www.igu.org/sites/default/files/node-page-field_file/IGU-World%20LNG%20Report-2015%20 Edition.pdf
[48] US Energy Information Administration, Japan full report, January 2015. Retrieved April 13, 2015 from http://www.eia. gov/countries/cab.cfm?fips=ja
[49] CERN, The Large Hadron Collider, Retrieved May 26, 2015 from http://home.web.cern.ch/ topics/large-hadron-collider
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