Radni fluidi visokotemperaturskih toplotnih pumpi – dekarbonizacija i sigurna poslovna i ekološka budućnost

Apstrakt

Different processes in the food and beverage sector need water and water vapor/steam at temperatures well over 100˚C and up to about 250 to 300˚C. According to the Paris Agreement the signatories, 196 countries, have to limit the temperature increase to less than 2˚C and preferably below 1.5˚C. This will require a phase down of CO₂ emissions and gases that contribute to the global warming, e.g., HFC etc.

IEA report Net Zero by 2050 Roadmap for the Global Energy Sector say that about 30% of the reduction is to come from increased energy efficiency and about 30% from reduction in CO₂ emissions. It is also said that if we are to reach the goal the industrial sector is to install 500MW heating capacity per month. The report was published in May 2021 and one year has passed by during which the required heat pump capacity was not met – and time is ticking.

Given the urgency and the commitments made from all political sides, it is now time for the industry to deliver their part – walk the talk, so to say. The interesting angle is that it is good for the business to use heat pumps instead of the alternatives, the business case is good – to use a popular term, and the heat pump manufacturers are ready to deliver today if the market is there.

In this paper we are looking into the refrigerants and the options that are available both from the refrigerant/working fluid side and other relevant questions that can be raised during the discussions.