Zagađenje, ljudsko telo i razna pitanja
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Feb 16, 2026
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Alexander Cohr Pachai
http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2499-3794
http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2499-3794
Apstrakt
U prošlosti je svet bio suočen sa problemima zagađenja, koji su rešavani zabranama. Postojalo je zagađenje DDT-om, a kasnije je zagađenje azbestom uklonjeno iz kočionih sistema automobila, dok azbest sada nestaje sa krovnih ploča i izolacije, ali je i dalje prisutan. Sada se suočavamo sa drugačijim problemom: skandalom sa PFAS-om. Per- i polifluoroalkilne supstance (PFAS) predstavljaju zabrinutost zbog svoje postojanosti u životnoj sredini i potencijalnog uticaja na zdravlje. Dok se specifični efekti trideset najčešćih PFAS jedinjenja na endokrini sistem još uvek proučavaju, postoje dokazi da neki PFAS mogu narušiti hormonsku ravnotežu, što može imati značajne posledice po zdravlje i očekivani životni vek.
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Kako citirati
COHR PACHAI, Alexander.
Zagađenje, ljudsko telo i razna pitanja.
Zbornik Međunarodnog kongresa i izložbe o KGH, [S.l.], v. 56, n. 1, p. 185-193, feb. 2026.
Dostupno na: <https://izdanja.smeits.rs/index.php/kghk/article/view/8286>. Datum pristupa: 12 mar. 2026
Broj časopisa
Sekcija
Forum: Poboljšanje energetske efikasnosti u novim tehnologijama hlađenja pogodnim za očuvanje klimatskih uslova i ozonskog omotača
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[32] *** Unveiling the Truth of Interactions between Microplastics and Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFASs) in Wastewater Treatment Plants: Microplastics as a Carrier of PFASs and Beyond | Environmental Science & Technology
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[43] *** Impact of Endocrine Disruptors upon Non-Genetic Inheritance
[44] *** Administering hormones affects DNA | ScienceDaily
[45] *** Early-Life Exposure to Toxic Chemicals May Cause Behavioral, Psychological Problems - Endocrine News
[46] *** Identification of Environmental Compounds That May Trigger Early Female Puberty by Activating Human GnRHR and KISS1R - PubMed
[47] ***Mother and Child: Pregnancy Exposures Can Have Unintended Effects in Later Life for Both Offspring and Mother - Endocrine News
[48] ***Institut national de la recherche scientifique - INRS. "Mother and child vulnerable to endo-crine disruptor exposure." ScienceDaily. ScienceDaily, 28 April 2022. www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2022/04/220428125446.htm
[49] *** SARS-CoV-2-Vaccine-Related Endocrine Disorders: An Updated Narrative Review
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[2] Gore, A.C., Merrill, M.A., Patisaul, H., Sargis, R.M.: Endocrine disrupting chemicals: Threats to human health. Pesticides, Plastics, Forever Chemicals and beyond, February 2024 PFAS Chemicals: EDCs Contaminating Our Water and Food Supply | Endocrine Society
[3] *** Guidance on PFAS Exposure, Testing, and Clinical Follow-Up (2022). Chapter: 3 Potential Health Effects of PFAS. National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2022. Guidance on PFAS Exposure, Testing, and Clinical Follow-Up. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. https://doi.org/10.17226/26156 . 3 Potential Health Effects of PFAS | Guid-ance on PFAS Exposure, Testing, and Clinical Follow-Up | The National Academies Press
[4] Snejana Dineva: Suspected Toxicological Effects of Per- and Poly-fluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) on the Environment and Huma Health. Journal of the Faculty of Technics and Technol-ogies, Trakia University https://sites.google.com/trakia-uni.bg/artte/ https://doi.org/10.15547/ art-te.2024.02.006
[5] Philippa D Darbre: Overview of air pollution and endocrine disorders. International Journal of General Medicine 2018:11 191–207 IJGM-102230-overview-of-air-pollution-and-endocrine-disorders_052218.pdf
[6] *** Environmental Problems That Affect Homeostasis | Sciencing
[7] *** Hormones and Smoking: How is it Affecting Your Health? - Hertility Health
[8] *** Does Smoking Cause A Hormonal Imbalance? What You Should Know
[9] Nadia Rachdaoui, Dipak K. Sarkar: Pathophysiology of the Effects of Alcohol Abuse on the Endocrine System. Alcohol Research: Current Reviews. Vol. 38 pathophysiology-effects-alcohol-abuse-endocrine-system.pdf
[10] *** Alcohol and Hormones: What's the Connection?
[11] *** Alcohol and Cancer | Cancer | CDC
[12] *** Toxicological profile for ammonia ATSDR sec 2.2 tp126.pdf
[13] *** Ammonia metabolism and hyperammonemic disorders - PubMed https://doi.org/10.1016/ bs.acc.2014.09.002
[14] Melvin E. Andersen, Bruno Hagenbuch, Udayan Apte, J. Christopher Corton, Tony Fletcher, Christopher Lau, William L. Roth, Bart Staels, Gloria L. Vega, Harvey J. Clewell 3rd, Matthew P. Longnecker: Why is elevation of serum cholesterol associated with exposure to perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in humans? A workshop report on potential mechanisms. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tox.2021.152845 Available online 8th of July 2021. Toxi-cology journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/toxicol
[15] David J. Beale, Georgia M. Sinclair, Rohan Shah, Amy M. Paten, Anupama Kumar, Sara M. Long, Suzanne Vardy, Oliver A.H. Jones: A review of omics-based PFAS exposure stud-ies reveals common biochemical response pathways. Science of the Total Environment. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.157255
[16] Jordan M. Bailey, Ling Wang, Jennifer M. McDonald, Jennifer S. Gray, Joshua G. Petrie, Emily T. Martin, David A. Savitz, Timothy A. Karrer, Keri A. Fisher, Matthew J. Geiger 6and Elizabeth A. Wasilevich: Immune response to COVID-19 vaccination in a population with a history of elevated exposure to per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) through drinking water. Journal of Exposure Science & Environmental Epidemiology 2023.
[17] Saul W. Brusilow, Raymond C. Koehler, Richard J. Traystman, Arthur J. L. Cooper: Astrocyte Glutamine Synthetase: Importance in Hyperammonemic Syndromes and Potential Target for Therapy. Neurotherapeutics: The Journal of the American Society for Experimental Neuro Therapeutics. Vol. 7, 452–470, October 2010
[18] Emma V. Prestona, Marie-France Hivert, Abby F. Fleisch, Antonia M. Calafat, Sharon K. Sagiv, Wei Perng, Sheryl L. Rifas-Shiman, Jorge E. Chavarro, Emily Oken, Ami R. Zota, Tamarra James-Todd: Early-pregnancy plasma per- and polyfluoroalkyl substance (PFAS) concentrations and hypertensive disorders of pregnancy in the Project Viva cohort. Environ Int. 2022 July; 165: 107335. doi:10.1016/j.envint.2022.107335 nihms-1817482.pdf https://doi.org/10.1016/j.reprotox.2024.108702
[19] Anna Birukov, Louise Bjørkholt Andersen, Marianne Skovsager Andersen, Julie H. Niel-sen, Flemming Nielsen, Henriette Boye Kyhl, Jan Stener Jørgensen, Philippe Grandjean, Ralf Dechend, Tina Kold Jensen: Exposure to perfluoroalkyl substances and blood pressure in pregnancy among 1436 women from the Odense Child Cohort. Environment International. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2021.106442
[20] *** Birth Outcomes in Relation to Prenatal Exposure to Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances and Stress in the Environmental Influences on Child Health Outcomes (ECHO) Program, https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP10723 Environmental Health Perspectives Volume 131, Issue 3Mar 2023
[21] Claudia Gundacker, Karine Audouze, Raimund Widhalm, Sebastian Granitzer, Martin Forsthuber, Florence Jornod, Maria Wielsøe, Manhai Long, Thórhallur Ingi Halldórsson, Maria Uhl, Eva Cecilie Bonefeld-Jørgensen: Reduced Birth Weight and Exposure to Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances: A Review of Possible Underlying Mechanisms Using the AOP-HelpFinder. Toxics 2022, 10, 684. https://doi.org/10.3390/toxics10110684
[22] *** How PFAS Impacts Your Health | PFAS and Your Health | ATSDR
[23] *** (99+) Breast cancer risk after exposure to perfluorinated compounds in Danish women: a case–control study nested in the Danish National Birth Cohort
[24] Zhanyun Wang, Andreas M. Buser, Ian T. Cousins, Silvia Demattio, Wiebke Drost, Olof Johansson, Koichi Ohno, Grace Patlewicz, Ann M. Richard, Glen W. Walker, Graham S. White, Eeva Leinala: A New OECD Definition for Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances. Envi-ron. Sci. Technol. 2021, 55, 15575−15578
[25] *** A New OECD Definition for Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances | Environmental Science & Technology
[26] *** Understanding TFA: The Tiny PFAS with a Big Presence
[27] Bevin E. Blake, Suzanne E. Fenton: Early life exposure to per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) and latent health outcomes: A review including the placenta as a target tissue and possi-ble driver of peri- and postnatal effects. Toxicology. 2020 October; 443: 152565. doi:10.1016/j.tox.2020.152565.
[28] *** National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences: Perfluoroalkyl and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS)
[29] *** Fast Facts: PFAS in the U.S. Population | PFAS and Your Health | ATSDR
[30] *** How PFAS Impacts Your Health | PFAS and Your Health | ATSDR
[31] *** Interaction and combined toxicity of microplastics and per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances in aquatic environment | Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering
[32] *** Unveiling the Truth of Interactions between Microplastics and Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFASs) in Wastewater Treatment Plants: Microplastics as a Carrier of PFASs and Beyond | Environmental Science & Technology
[33] *** HORMONES AND ENDOCRINE DISRUPTING CHEMICALS, Endocrine Society. Hormones_and_EDCs_What_You_Need_to_Know.pdf
[34] *** Road Hazard: Evidence Mounts on Toxic Pollution from Tires - Yale E360
[35] *** From tires to brakes, U of T researchers tackle ‘non-tailpipe’ air pollution from vehicles – Department of Civil & Mineral Engineering
[36] Yanxu Zheng, Shengchao Xu, Jingyu Liu, Zhixiong Liu: The effects of micro- and nano-plastics on the central nervous system: A new threat to humanity. https://doi.org/10.1016/ j.tox.2024.153799
[37] Ilaria Cimmino , Francesca Fiory , Giuseppe Perruolo, Claudia Miele, Francesco Beguinot, Pietro Formisano, Francesco Oriente: Potential Mechanisms of Bisphenol A (BPA) Contrib-uting to Human Disease. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2020, 21, 5761; doi:10.3390/ijms21165761 ijms-21-05761.pdf
[38] Yufei Wang, Haifeng Qian: Phthalates and Their Impacts on Human Health. Healthcare 2021, 9, 603. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare9050603
[39] Sally S. White, Linda S. Birnbaum: An Overview of the Effects of Dioxins and Dioxin-like Compounds on Vertebrates, as Documented in Human and Ecological Epidemiology. J Environ Sci Health C Environ Carcinog Ecotoxicol Rev. 2009 October; 27(4): 197–211. Doi:10.1080/10590500903310047
[40] Shaw, S.D., Brenner, D., Berger, M.L., Caprenter, D.O., Hong, C-S, Kannan, K.: PCBs, PCDD/Fs, and Organochlorine Pesticides in Farmed Atlantic Salmon from Maine, Eastern Can-ada, and Norway, Wild Salmon from Alaska. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2006, 40, 5347-5354.
[41] *** Polyxeni Nicolopoulou-Stamati, Sotirios Maipas, Chrysanthi Kotampasi, Panagiotis Stama-tis, Luc Hens: Chemical Pesticides and Human Health: The Urgent Need for a New Concept in Agriculture. doi:10.3389/fpubh.2016.00148. Frontiers in Public Health
[42] Brenda Eskenazi, Jonathan Chevrier, Lisa Goldman Rosas, Henry A. Anderson, Maria S. Bornman, Henk Bouwman, Aimin Chen, Barbara A. Cohn, Christiaan de Jager, Di-ane S. Henshel, Felicia Leipzig, John S. Leipzig, Edward C. Lorenz, Suzanne M. Snedeker, Darwin Stapleton: The Pine River Statement: Human Health Consequences of DDT Use. Environmental Health Perspectives • v o l u m e 117 | number 9 | September 2009 ehp-117-1359.pdf
[43] *** Impact of Endocrine Disruptors upon Non-Genetic Inheritance
[44] *** Administering hormones affects DNA | ScienceDaily
[45] *** Early-Life Exposure to Toxic Chemicals May Cause Behavioral, Psychological Problems - Endocrine News
[46] *** Identification of Environmental Compounds That May Trigger Early Female Puberty by Activating Human GnRHR and KISS1R - PubMed
[47] ***Mother and Child: Pregnancy Exposures Can Have Unintended Effects in Later Life for Both Offspring and Mother - Endocrine News
[48] ***Institut national de la recherche scientifique - INRS. "Mother and child vulnerable to endo-crine disruptor exposure." ScienceDaily. ScienceDaily, 28 April 2022. www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2022/04/220428125446.htm
[49] *** SARS-CoV-2-Vaccine-Related Endocrine Disorders: An Updated Narrative Review
[50] *** Endocrine Disruptors and Your Health. National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences. endocrine_disruptors_508.pdf