Obnovljivi izvori električne energije u funkciji održive urbane mobilnosti
##plugins.themes.bootstrap3.article.main##
Apstrakt
Održiva urbana mobilnost je važan deo urbanog planiranja, koji u sebi integriše ekonomske, ekološke, energetske i društvene uticaje. U većini gradova u Srbiji, ali i u svetu urbana mobilnost se zasniva se na konceptu prekomernog korišćenja individualnih vozila, koja troše goriva bazirana na fosilnim izvorima energije. To dovodi do zagušenja u saobraćaju sa visokim nivoom zagađenja i buke u gradovima, pojave toplotnih ostrva, gubitka vremena i mnogih drugih negativnih pojava u različitim sferama ljudskog delovanja. Rad analizira ove pojave i predlaže neka od mogućih rešenja koja se pre svega odnose na primenu obnovljivih izvora električne energije (OIEE) u oblasti urbane mobilnosti. Korišćenje električne energije za pogon vozila, ukoliko ona ne potiče iz obnovljivih izvora ili reciklažom otpada nije rešenje koje se uklapa u koncept održivog razvoja. U radu se dalje analizira koncept transportnih sistema koji podstiče razvoj i drugih oblika saobraćaja zasnovanih na korišćenju novih tehnologija, kao i sprovođenje koncepta pametnih gradova.
##plugins.themes.bootstrap3.article.details##
Reference
[2] Gifnger, R., Fertner, C., Kramar, H., Kalasek, R., Pichler-Milanovic, N., Meijers, E. Smart Cities—Ranking of European Medium Sized, Centre of Regional Science, Vienna, Austria, 2007.
[3] Lozano, D., Márquez, S., Puentes, M., Sustainable and smart mobility evaluation since citizen participation in responsive cities, Transportation Research Procedia, 2021, 58, pp. 519-526
[4] AbouKorina, S., Han, H., Mahran, M. Role of urban planning characteristics in forming pandemic resilient cities – Case study of Covid-19 impacts on European cities within England, Germany and Italy, Cities, 2021, 118, 103324, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cities.2021.103324
[5] *** UN Habitat, The State of the World’s Cities Report, United Nations Human Settlements Programme, Nairobi, Kenya, 2022, available at: https://unhabitat.org/wcr/, accessed July 2022.
[6] *** UN Habitat, Ericsson, The Role of ICT In the Proposed Ur-ban Sustainable Development Goal and the New Urban Agenda, available at: https://unhabitat.org/the-role-of-ict-in-the-proposed-urban-sustainable-development-goal-and-the-new-urban-agenda, accessed July 2022
[7] Pucar, M. Impact of Climate Change and New Technologies on Development of Cities in the Future - Threats or opportunities, keynote lecture, International scientific conference The e-Future of Cities, Academy of Engineering Sciences of Serbia (AESS), University of Belgrade - Faculty of Geography, Belgrade, Serbia, 2019. pp. 179-198.
[8] Lopes, M., Oliveira, P. Can a small city be considered a smart city? Procedia Computer Science, 2017, 121, pp. 617–624. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procs.2017.11.081
[9] *** How to make urban mobility clean and green, available at: https://www.itf-oecd.org/urban-mobility-clean-green, accessed August 2022
[10] Kumar, P., Hama, S., Nogueira, T., Alaa, R. In-car particulate matter exposure across ten global cities, Science of The Total Environment, 2020, 750 (1), pp. 141395
[11] Gamayunova, O., Golov, R. Potential of energy saving on transport, E3S Web of Conferences, 2019, 135 (75), pp. 02025
[12] *** UN Habitat, Cities and Climate Change: Global Report on Human Settlements 2011, Un Habitat, Nairoby, Kenya, 2011, available at: https://unhabitat.org/global-report-on-human-settlements-2011-cities-and-climate-change, accessed in July 2022.
[13] Rosenzweig, C., Solecki, W., Romero-Lankao, P., Mehrotra, S., Dhakal, S., & Ali Ibrahim, S. (Eds.). Climate Change and Cities: Second Assessment Report of the Urban Climate Change Research Network. Cambridge University Press, 2018, available at: https://climate-adapt.eea.europa.eu/metadata/publications/second-assessment-report-of-the-urban-climate-change-research-network, accessed in August 2022.
[14] Lefèvre, B. Urban transport energy consumption: determinants and strategies for its reduction. Cities and Climate Change, 2009, 2, 3, pp. -
[15] *** Ellen MacArthur Foundation, SUN, and McKinsey Center for Business and Environment, Growth Within: a circular economy vision for a competitive Europe, available at: https://ellenmacarthurfoundation.org/growth-within-a-circular-economy-vision-for-a-competitive-europe, accessed in July 2022
[16] Rode, P., et al., Accessibility in cities: transport and urban form, LSECities, 2014, pp. 7
[17] *** UN Habitat, Planning and design for sustainable urban mobility: global report on human settlements, United Nations Human Settlements Programme, Nairobi, Kenya, 2013, available at: https://unhabitat.org/planning-and-design-for-sustainable-urban-mobility-global-report-on-human-settlements-2013, accessed February 2022
[18] Maksin M., Pucar M., Milijić S., Korać M. Održivi razvoj turizma u Evropskoj uniji i Srbiji/Sustainable Development of Tourism in EU and Serbia, Institut za arhitekturu i urbanizam Srbije/Institute of Architecture and Urban&Spatial Planning of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia, pp. 189-190.
[19] *** Mitigation of Climate Change (IPCC), AR5 Climate Change 2014: Mitigation of Climate Change, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 2014, available at: http://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar5/wg3/ accessed in July 2022
[20] *** Mitigation of Climate Change (IPCC), Climate Change 2022: Mitigation of Climate Change, available at: https://www.ipcc.ch/report/sixth-assessment-report-working-group-3/, accessed in July 2022
[21] *** Making Green City Mobility a Reality, available at: https://www.acbconsultingservices.com/sustainable-construction-project-management/transitioning-to-renewable-energy-for-sustainable-urban-mobility/, accessed in July 2022.
[22] *** WBCSD, Mobility 2001 – World Mobility at the End of the Twentieth Century and Its Sustainability, World Business Council for Sustainable Development, Switzerland, 2001, available at: https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&ved=2ahUKEwjXtvLXwYH6AhXzW_EDHeInCJIQFnoECAUQAQ&url=http%3A%2F%2Fweb.mit.edu%2Faeroastro%2Fsites%2Fwaitz%2Fpublications%2FWBCSD.report.pdf&usg=AOvVaw16h31njc3o3TqfYWBl6m3n, accessed in August 2022
[23] Canitez, F., Alpkokin, P., Topuz Kiremitci, S. Sustainable urban mobility in Istanbul: Challenges and prospects, Case Studies on Transport Policy, 2020, 8, 4, pp. 1148-1157. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cstp.2020.07.005
[24] Gabrielli, S. et. al, Design challenges in motivating change for sustainable urban mobility, Computers in Human Behavior, 2014 41, pp. 416-423. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2014.05.026
[25] Foltýnová, H., Vejchodská, E., Rybová, K., Květoň, V., Sustainable urban mobility: One definition, different stakeholders’ opinions, Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment, 2020, 87, pp. 102465.
[26] *** Renewable energy and efficiency for sustainable urban mobility: a not-so-distant future, available at https://www.caf.com/en/knowledge/views/2019/07/renewable-energy-and-efficiency-for-sustainable-urban-mobility-a-not-so-distant-future/, accessed in August 2022
[27] Tafidis, P., Sdoukopoulosa, A., Pitsiava-Latinopouloua, M. Sustainable urban mobility indicators: policy versus practice in the case of Greek cities, Transportation Research Procedia, 2017, 24, pp. 304-312.
[28] *** https://www.eltis.org/mobility-plans/11-what-sustainable-urban-mobility-plan#:~:text=%E2%80%9CA%20Sustainable%20Urban%20Mobility%20Plan,of%20integration%20%2C%20participation%20%2C%20and%20evaluation, accessed in August 2022
[29] *** https://www.eltis.org/guidelines/what-sustainable-urban-mobility-plan, accessed in August 2022
[30] *** Sustainable Urban Mobility Plans: A New Way of Planning Urban Mobility, available at: https://sumbilbao.com/2019/en/sustainable-urban-mobility-plans-a-new-way-of-planning-urban-mobility/, accessed in August 2022
[31] Chan, C., Wong, Y., Bouscayrol, A., Chen, K. Powering Sustainable Mobility: Roadmaps of Electric, Hybrid, and Fuel Cell Vehicles, Proceedings of the IEEE, 2009, 97, 4, pp. 603-607
[32] *** https://www.mdpi.com/2624-6511/4/1/22/htmSanguesa, J., Torres-Sanz, V., Garrido, P., Martinez, F., Marquez-Barja, J. A Review on Electric Vehicles: Technologies and Challenges, Smart Cities, 2021, 4(1), pp. 372-404. https://doi.org/10.3390/smartcities4010022
[33] *** International Renewable Energy Agency, REmap: Roadmap for A Renewable Energy Future: IRENA, Abu Dhabi, 2016. Available at: http://www.irena.org/DocumentDownloads/Publications/IRENA_REmap_ 2016_edition_report.pdf accessed in July 2020
[34] *** https://www.iea.org/, accessed in August 2022
[35] Pucar, M., Nenković-Riznić, M., Petrovic, S., Brankov, B., The role of architects and urban planners in the formation of the concept and functioning of smart city. Conference proceedings from International conference on urban planning ICUP2016. Faculty of civil engineering University of Nis, Niš, Serbia, 2016, pp. 269-279.
[36] *** What is urban mobility and why is it important to build better cities, available at: https://www.acbconsultingservices.com/construction-management-for-transportation/what-is-urban-mobility-and-why-is-it-important-to-build-better-cities/, accessed in August 2022
[37] Monzon, A. Smart Cities Concept and Challenges: Bases for the Assessment of Smart City Projects. Commun. Comput. Inf. Sci., 2015, 579, pp. 17–31. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-27753-0_2
[38] Okuda, T., Hirasawa, S., Matsukuma, N., Fukumoto, T., Shimura, A. Smart Mobility for Smart Cities. Hitachi Rev. 2012, 61, pp. 141–146.
[39] Aleta, N., Alonso, C.; Ruiz, R. Smart Mobility and Smart Environment in the Spanish cities. Transp. Res. Procedia, 2017, 24, pp. 163–170.
[40] Milošević, M., Milošević, D., Stević, D., Stanojević, A. Smart City: Modeling Key Indicators in Serbia Using IT2FS, Sustainability 2019, 2019, 11 (13), 3536. https://doi.org/10.3390/su11133536
[41] *** Traffic jams, pollution, road crashes: Can technology end the woes of urban transport?, available at: https://blogs.worldbank.org/transport/traffic-jams-pollution-road-crashes-can-technology-end-woes-urban-transport, accessed in August 2022