Efikasnost mera za smanjenje emisija praškastih materijala iz procesa sagorevanja biomase

Apstrakt

The PM emitted by biomass contains particles with a diameter range of 1 nm to 100 μm. Tar, char, flying ash, residues, elemental carbon (EC), and black carbon (BC) that would not burn completely are examples of PM. Not every particle control technology suits every need. Among the determining factors are the particle’s size, required collection efficiency, gas flow size, allowed time between cleanings, the detailed nature of the particles, and the presence of tars in the flue gas. The effectiveness of particle control technologies strongly depends on the particle size. Wet scrubber systems have some advantages over electrostatic precipitators (ESPs) and baghouses. This paper focus on wet scrubbers, they are smaller and more compact than baghouses or ESPs. They have lower capital cost and comparable operation and maintenance (O&M) costs, which makes them suitable for use in installations with an installed thermal capacity of less than 1 MW. In scrubbers, particles are scrubbed out from the flue gas by water droplets of various sizes, depending on the type of scrubber used. The particles are removed by collision and interception between droplets and particles. Upon impact, the particles are wetted and carried by the water droplet, thus affecting removal. The more droplets that are formed, the more efficient the unit will be. Therefore, the droplets must be small. Smaller-diameter spray nozzles will produce smaller droplets but will also result in higher pressure drops, consuming more energy. Since efficiency increases as the droplet size decreases, efficiency increases with increasing pressure drop.