Ekološki prihvatljivi sistemi na bazi hidrogelova za pH-osetljivo otpuštanje kofeina
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http://orcid.org/0009-0003-6181-9087
Rada V. Pjanović
http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0817-182X
Maja D. Marković
http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8466-8539
Apstrakt
Kontrolisano oslobađanje lekova ima mnoge prednosti u odnosu na konvencionalne oblike lekova kod raznih terapija, zato što omogućava da se nivo koncentracije leka tokom vremena održava konstantnim. Na ovaj način se smanjuje učestalost doziranja leka i minimizuju neželjeni efekti. pH-osetljivi hidrogelovi, posebno oni na bazi poli(metakrilne kiseline) (PMAA), imaju veliku primenu kao sistemi za dostavu lekova. Metoda sinteze sistema za dostavu lekova predstavlja važan faktor koji utiče na efikasnu inkapsulaciju leka i očuvanje njegove bioaktivnosti. U ovom istraživanju je ispitana mogućnost inkapsulacije slabo rastvornog model leka – kofeina, u PMAA hidrogelove tokom njihove sinteze, a zatim i mogućnost kontrolisanog oslobađanja kofeina iz tako pripremljenih PMAAk hidrogelova. Priprema PMAAk hidrogelova izvedena je primenom inovativne, ekološki prihvatljive metode slobodno-radikalskom polimerizacijom u vodenom rastvoru u ambijentalnim uslovima. Ovakav način sinteze je postignut primenom inicijatorskog sistema na bazi vodonik-peroksida i vitamina C. Pripremljeno je četiri PMAAk hidrogela sa različitim koncentracijama umreživača. Bubrenje PMAAk hidrogelova i kinetika oslobađanja kofeina ispitani su u dve sredine različite pH vrednosti – pH 1 i pH 6,8, koje su simulirale pH sredine u ljudskom želucu i crevima, redom. PMAAk hidrogelovi su imali osam puta veće vrednosti ravnotežnog stepena bubrenja u sredini sa pH 6,8. Kao posledica takvog načina bubrenja, tri puta veća količina kofeina je oslobođena u sredini sa pH 6,8 u odnosu na sredinu sa pH 1. Takođe, povećanje koncentracije umreživača dovodi do smanjenja stepena bubrenja hidrogelova i nižeg stepena oslobađanja model leka. Dobijeni rezultati pokazuju da PMAAk hidrogelovi, dobijeni ekološki prihvatljivom metodom, imaju veliki potencijal za efikasno kontrolisano oslobađanje slabo rastvorljivih lekova.
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